A. leading power factor
B. lagging power factor
C. unity power factor
D. zero power factor
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A transformer can have zero voltage regulation at the unity power factor.
A. Leading power factor: If the load on the transformer is leading, it means that the current is flowing into the transformer before the voltage, which will result in a decrease of voltage across the transformer, and therefore, it cannot have zero voltage regulation.
B. Lagging power factor: If the load on the transformer is lagging, it means that the current is flowing into the transformer after the voltage, which will result in an increase of voltage across the transformer, and therefore, it cannot have zero voltage regulation.
C. Unity power factor: When the load on the transformer is at unity power factor, the current and voltage are in phase with each other, which means that the voltage across the transformer does not change, resulting in zero voltage regulation.
D. Zero power factor: Zero power factor means that the current and voltage are not in phase with each other, which means that the voltage across the transformer will fluctuate, resulting in voltage regulation.