A) refraction and reflection of sunlight by water droplets
B) ionization of water deposits
C) absorption of sunlight in minute water droplets
D) diffusion of sunlight through water droplets
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A rainbow is an awe-inspiring natural phenomenon caused by sunlight reflecting, refracting and dispersing through water droplets in the atmosphere. This process is known as ‘dispersion’, whereby light of different wavelengths is scattered and bent to form a spectrum of colours.
Rainbows can also be seen in double form, when light is reflected twice inside of a raindrop, creating a second rainbow with its colours in the opposite order to the first. This is all due to the change of speed of light ray of different wavelengths. So next time you witness a rainbow, take a moment to marvel at this amazing spectacle, as it is a result of a complex and beautiful process.