[A] Ketones
[B] Esters
[C] Aldehydes
[D] Alkynes
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In the presence of an acid, a carboxylic acid and an alcohol react to form an ester.
When an acid reacts with an alcohol, an ester is formed. This process is called Fischer esterification and proceeds via a carbocation mechanism.
In this process, alcohol is added to a carboxylic acid with the help of an acid catalyst. This reaction yields an ester along with water. Carboxylic acids can be formed by the oxidation of primary alcohols, the hydrolysis of nitriles, or the hydrolysis of esters. Thus, when an acid and an alcohol react, an ester is the product.
The correct answer is [B] Esters.
[A] Ketones – A ketone is a compound that contains a carbonyl functional group (C=O) with a carbon atom in the molecule also bonded to two other carbon atoms. Ketones can be formed by the oxidation of secondary alcohols, but they are not formed by the reaction of acids and alcohols.
[B] Esters – An ester is a compound that is formed by the reaction of an acid and an alcohol. The acid and alcohol molecules combine to form an ester molecule and a molecule of water. Esters are known for their characteristic fruity and sweet smell. They are widely used in perfumes, flavors, and solvents.
[C] Aldehydes – An aldehyde is a compound that contains a carbonyl functional group (C=O) with a carbon atom in the molecule bonded to at least one hydrogen atom. Aldehydes can be formed by the oxidation of primary alcohols, but they are not formed by the reaction of acids and alcohols.
[D] Alkynes – An alkyne is a hydrocarbon compound that contains a triple bond between two carbon atoms. Alkynes do not form by the reaction of acids and alcohols. They are unsaturated hydrocarbons and have the chemical formula CnH2n-2.